All-Moscow Seminar of Astrophysicists
(ASA)


annotation of talk
Wolfgang Kundt (Bonn University)
The Gamma-ray Bursts -- Topical as Ever


Earth is hit daily by some three bursts of gamma-rays, isotropically from all directions, with energy fluxes S = 10-5 +/- 3 erg/cm2s, energies integral S dt = 10-5 +/- 2.5erg/cm2, durations dt between 10-3s and 103s, temporal fine structure dt >= 10-3.7s, power-law spectra like superpositions of cooling sparks with peak fluxes straddling 1 MeV, and with composite lightcurves which differ vastly from burst to burst whereby hardness drops during subbursts. A small subclass, <=2%, come from midatmospheric lightning discharges; all the others have dt >= 10-1.7s. Among them, there is the subclass of (>=5) repeaters, SGRs, which emit somewhat softer bursts many times per year, yet occasionally also hard bursts, like all the others. They have been identified as Galactic neutron stars, of spin periods between 5s and 8s (with 1 controversial candidate). All the others are presently thought to come from cosmic distances, because of their isotropic arrivals, and because their afterglow spectra show large absorption redshifts.

In my opinion, all the extraterrestrial bursts come from nearby Galactic neutron stars, 50pc <= d <= 300pc, via spasmodic accretion. The afterglows and their absorption redshifts stem from self-generated transient hadronic winds es-caping at relativistic speeds, reminiscent of SS 433.